Commentator

Building the American economy increases difficult more than making the American economy inflation, So, excellent American leaders increase American economics while the worst American leader has been bankrupted. On the other hand, Crime makes social American chaos which is why a governor has not considered crimes to be dangerous. So, why has the governor protected its security safety for the people? Perhaps, the governor not only nourished crimes but also protected this ganger? says, Bright Quang

The United States Receiving the Income Tax of the Republic of Vietnam

The Vietnamese American refugees should read this requestion of Vietnamese American prisoners of war because almost of the Democrats not only sold the Republic of Vietnam to mainland China but also destroyed the young democracy of the Republic of Vietnam which is why this Vietnamese American refugee has self -kept their head down when they have not exactly realized their sacred nation that is betrayed by the United States Congress. Therefore, this Vietnamese American refugee wishes to enrich boundless to betray their national Vietnam and therefore Bright Quang offered this group to read his commentator's Why has the Trump Organization tax been considered by the American Government which is why the United States Congress received the Income-tax from the Republic of Vietnam, but the US Congress sold the Republic of Vietnam to mainland China and did not pay any pensions for the Vietnamese American prisoners of war? What was the meaning of the Income-tax when the US Congress received it from the Republic of Vietnam while the American Government was invading and subverting the Republic of Vietnam without having built the Republic of Vietnam? The Act is 18 UST 546; TIAS 6262;685 UNTS 207. Why has the American Government prosecuted the Trump Organization tax? And why has not the American Government considered the life of the Vietnamese American prisoners of war payment of the income tax to their second motherland?

Where Is the Buhha?

Where is the Buddha? Where is the Buddha? in your innermost bosom. Just your heart with righteousness for the ovation. Of happiness in all circumstances, your mouth. To make note of no lies your mind is due to keep hold. Of its purity never to cast a lustful eye on anyone for sex. To learn of the adequacy of money, you need. The aurora of sanctity, scattering the Earth. Do you not see yourself, sitting? In negative space. __________________ Collect the poem My Torch by Author Bright Quang. Page 93. ISBN 1-4259-1694-5. To translate into the Vietnamese language as Phật ở Đâu? Phật ở Đâu? Nằm dạ tích lòng , Tu tâm , dưỡng tính phước đầy đong. Miệng không buông nhã lời gian dối Trí phải giử gìn chuyện trẳng trong. Đôi mát không nhìn theo giục sắc Tập đời không tưởng chuyện tiền nong. Hào quang sáng rực nơi trần thế Thấy bóng ta ngồi giữa chống không.

Dear Senator Bob Menendez Sir

Dear Senator Bob Menendez should express "Unmitigated Punishment for offenders," when his settlement case for the Vietnamese American prisoners of war has been submitting you, please review his case. Senator should understand the Vietnam War which has three American leaders who are General Westmoreland, Secretary of state Kissinger, and Lieutenant John Kerry since they have testified hearings before the United States Congress, and they have self-confessed wrongful actions in the Vietnam War, so, especially President Kennedy had self-confessed himself while President Kennedy had secretly ordered the Central Intelligence Agency that it secretly assassinated South President Ngo Dinh Diem to coup the Republic of Vietnam during the United States Congress not only approved the sovereignty but also respected the right to self-determination of the Vietnamese people and the South Vietnam Armed Forces by three multilateral and thirty-seven bilateral treaties and so many international Relations of protocols with the Republic of Vietnam which is why the United States Congress has self-torn shreds them. As a result, the United States Congress enacted the law as H.R 7885 Public law.88-205 Approved. Dec. 16, 1963., section 407 said and ordered, "No department, agency, officer, or employee of the US shall, under the authority of this Act, exercise any direction, supervision, or control over, or impose any requirements or conditions with respect to, the personnel, curriculum, methods of instruction, or administration of any educational institution. Approved Dec. 16, 1963, 11:00a.m. Therefore, the plaintiff Bright Quang​ would like to petition his settlement case to you and the United States Congress and Senate of both Houses to carry out the Constitution to the United States as the fourteen Amendment says, "Section 1, all persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction, therefore, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce the law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; or nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the law." In his opinion that this Fourteen Amendment has not ordered and allowed the United States Congress has self-enacted the law to invade and subvert any foreign nation like the Republic of Vietnam because the Government of the Republic of Vietnam is just a friendly ally of the United States Congress without having belonged naturalized in the US which is why the United States Congress enacted the law to seize the Republic of Vietnam and then, after thirty years (30) in inhuman war, the United States has sold the Republic of Vietnam to mainland China by the unwritten law. In the meanwhile, the United States Congress self-exchanged the Government of the Republic of Vietnam as being an enemy of the United States when the United States Congress secretly imprisoned one million excellent Vietnam Armed Forces, secretly killed three hundred thousand Southern officers in many concentrations camps without having openly judges and nationalized all properties of Vietnamese officers to let the Southern official children and wives are homeless. In contrast, regarding the American properties in the Republic of Vietnam, the United States Congress forced the Vietnamese Communist regime must compensate to the American invaders. By the way, he just suddenly meets Senator Bob Menendez when he happily submits his settlement case to Senator that Sir should help him. Please review his petition being submitted to the United States Congress already. Respectfully Yours Bright Quang

In War Invasion

In war invaded and subverted national Ukraine by powerful Russia. Therefore, the Ukraine people have the right to defend their sacred nation, and the Government of Ukraine has the right to attack national Russia wherever because powerful Russia has not self-respected itself while Russia is one of the five great powerful countries represented by the United Nations which is why Mr. Putin not only carries out the Hague Convention and Charter of United Nations but also freely builds up the inhuman war to deprive the right to life innocent Ukraine people. Therefore, the Organization United Nations must enforce the rules of the United Nations, let the United Nations be bound to stop Russia, and Mr. Putin not only stops his amoral invasion but also compensated for the deaths, injuries, and properties of the Ukraine people and nation since Mr. Putin invaded and subverted Ukraine. As a result, this Organization of the United Nations couldn't force Mr. Putin to stop his inhuman war, so the United Nations agreed with Mr. Putin in order to destroy the world order.

The Democratic Party shall be lost to control both Houses of Congress

In his opinion that the Republican party shall be won the Congress House and Senate on November 8, 2022, just because of his experiences have three special points, and here are: First, the Democratic Party has said one way but it acted another. For example, the Democratic party hasn't been building up the American economy increasingly. After the Democratic party has taken up the White House and both houses of Congress, the Democratic party did not conquer all of the hearts of the American people. For example, the Democratic Party not only digs deeply into the hatred of the American people but also divides the American reunites of society - in fact, the national border is the unlocked door to freely welcome the west-American immigrants. In the meanwhile, the West-American immigrants not only came to engross social American like crimes are increasing but jobless American citizens are also lost. As a result, American inflation quickly increases to make society America engrossed in trouble. Next, the Democratic party has made American politics to become hatred each other without having forgiveness when our America was symbolized by great modern civilization and the progression of the technologists and scientists why is the reason of the Democratic party putting American society to thought lag? What is the American forgiveness offering each other? In fact, because ambitious enrichment of a boundless few the democratic leaders has not self-respected but also forgot the first duty of praising national honor like our former national fathers who found great national America. Even good, all political Americans should forgive some mistaken American politics if they could do it fast. Finally, a few Democratic leaders seemed treasonous themselves because of no. American politics had self-welcomed borrowing some foreign politicians to let them freely interfere in internal American policy while America has been interfering in foreign nations. To prove this, the Democratic Party secretly welcomed the Chinese communist policemen when they build the checkpoint in New York City letting them oversee the Chinese American immigrants- for us, the American patriots have known these Chinese Americans have been coming to America from Qing Dynasty to the Chinese Communists which is why the Democratic party easily welcoming the Chinese communist police to post in New York City. Why hasn't the Democratic party self-shamed the Vietnamese American refugees because the Democratic Party had persuaded them to fight against communism but today the American Democrats pleasured to welcome communism? Where are the super values of great powerful America keeping facts of America and sublime dignity? In conclusion, why does he understand the Democratic party will not keep this power again? Following that, in some American elections in the middle-term in the past, since some American presidents did not perfectly have their duty, their parts controlled both Houses of Congress must be lost in themselves. In fact, the Democratic party had self-offered approximately 85 trillion in American income tax when the Democratic party quickly ordered to cut and run out of the Afghanistan war, Next, the Democratic Party weekly expressed great powerful America in the Ukraine war because of the Democratic Party has many been supporting financial aid to Ukraine without having regrets which is why the Democratic Party has not bound the United Nations let it resolve this conflict war like the Korean war in the past. Why did the Democratic Party request the NANO Organization with America together America to resolve this war as the Democratic party had made in the Vietnam War?

His Submitting of People's Will

His Submitting of people’s will If President Trump was wrongful, the United States Congress proceeded to judge him which is right. On the other hand, the United States Congress has wrongful actions and who should be prosecuted by the United States Congress? Let him point out that the United States Congress has wrongfully been active when the current US Congress is the supreme legislature which has not enforced adequate American laws, not carried out the United States treaties, and not followed the Constitution of the United States. In addition, the supreme legislative organ of the United States is not only represented by super values of the American people, the honor of a great powerful country, and the modern civilization of the century twenty-one which is why the United States Congress has self-lost the hopeless oneself.    As for us, we, the American people, realize the Speaker of the House hasn't respected the law enforcement organ like Ex-president Trump while he was addressing the nation which is why our Speaker of the House has self-torn his lecture page of the American President without having a self-respect herself. Even though opposition politics have always secretly taken place in a country, even big or small or with civilization or less development, the political democracy of modern civilized America couldn't be worsened. In case, the legislative agency was unable to control our nation because the United States Department of epidemiological authorities was freely taking the American tax when it has secretly been supporting aid to the Chinese Government, letting mainland China has created Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) to destroy the human beings, but the American people were dead by the American Government. In contrast, when President Bush's son had been defeated by the Iraqi Government, the United States fought against chemical weapons which is why the United States Congress has secretly been doing this. As a result, the supreme sovereignty of the United States of America is gradually lost when the Chinese communist police officers are freely building their checkpoint in Chinatown in the state of New York City. On the contrary, the Chinese Government will mobilize Chinese American immigrants which will be a referendum for self-determination like Mr. Put has applied in Ukraine because mainland China wishes to defeat our nation eventually.   The lack of United States Congress enforced the United States treaties, the Hague Convention, and the International Convention with many foreign nations because of the super values of the American people, a great powerful America, and the face nation which have solemnly put in them. For example, in the Vietnam War or the so-called proxy War America was put into American laws, the Constitution of the United States, and international relations of protocols with the Republic of Vietnam which is why the great powerful Congress of the United States had not enforced them with a weaker nation, the Republic of Vietnam. What is our American hero to be proud of? In fact, his petition has been submitted to the United States Congress and Senate already from June 2019 to nowadays, but he has not received any information. To prove this, the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution to the United States says, "Section1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to Jurisdiction, therefore, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce the law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the law." Let him point out that Section 1 of the Fourteen Amendment to the Constitution to the United States during the US Congress has not carried out this. First, the Constitution had not ordered the United States Congress that has self-enacted any laws to invade and subvert any foreign nations like the Government of the Republic of Vietnam. Significantly, the limits of the United States Congress not only oversee the American People but also have not the right of the United States Congress to enact the law to invade and subvert any foreign nation like the Republic of Vietnam. Just because Vietnamese citizens have not been born or naturalized in the United States, therefore, the US Constitution had not allowed the United States Congress has self-violate them. Unless a few foreign nations could fight against the United States, the United States Congress enacted the law letting law enforcement agencies that fights against it like terrorist 911. So, the United States Congress has self-respectfully approved the Republic of Vietnam to be a friendly ally by the written law or the so-called bilateral treaties and multilateral which is why the United States Congress did not respect them when the US Congress takes advantage of great powerful America lets the US Congress bully a weekend government of the Republic of Vietnam which not only low intelligence but also is poor more than the American Government by the trillion fold. For this reason, the US Congress has enacted Act's Section 407 of H.R. 7885 Pub-L 88_205 ordered to say, "No department, agency, officer's employee of the US shall, under the authority of this Act, exercise any direction, supervision, or control over, or impose any requirements or conditions with respect to, the personnel, curriculum, methods of instruction, or administration of any educational institution. Approved. Dec. 16, 1963. 11:00.am" Even so good, whatever the US Congress was enacting the American laws which are super values as the same as one. That is why this current US Congress has not perfectly enforced this Act's Vietnam War. In contrast, if a few foreign nations did not solemnly enforce the International Convention, the Hague Convention, and multilateral and bilateral treaties with the American Government, so the US Congress not only fight against heavily attacking them like national Libya and Syria together with the bad fate. Not yet count the fifteen-seven wars of the US Congress have been invading and subverting the world since World War II had been done. Finally, his people's will is candid because his rights have been voting for the US Congress and the American presidents- therefore, his sacred duty and responsibility must point out the wrong things when the US Congress has fallen in love with special duty, the US Congress cannot realize any mistakes like the Speaker of the House has never seen her eyebrows on her face but the Speaker of the House did not look at the light mirror. Next, American citizens always respected whichever political American was directly chosen to be an American President by the American people's ballots when we would not have cared who is Democratic or Republican because he is not only an excellent man but also the best one. If he and together with the US Congress respected American law and the US Constitution to be perfect to express loyalty, just cause, and just of the great power of America because all American dignity, honor, and face nation had been sent into an American President and the US Congress already. If the American President and the US Congress forget the national interests of truthful justice, the bad fate of the United States should take place while the American people shall be shameful. Respectfully Yours Bright Quang 

Let Him Point out Putin's War

Based on this article let him point out Putin's war which is an injustice war because we live in the century twenty-one, our age is not only modern civilization but also processes science. We, human beings, should enjoy peace, happiness, and modern civilization without having robbed the national foreign lands, conflict wars, and depriving the right to life of humankind -just because each own land people race is approved by the United Nations- therefore, some of the powerful countries could not abuse their powers to bully weaken people. For example, the United States of America self-built the fifty-nineteen wars in the world after World War Two, but the United States of America has not seized foreign lands in the long run, the United States of America has repaid the independence and approved their right to self-determination. Therefore, the Russian War not only invaded Ukraine's land but also robbed the natural resources of Ukraine's people are illegal to fit the Hague Convention and the Charter of the United Nation while Russia is one of five powerful countries representing the United Nations which is why the powerful Russian country has self-violated the International Convention when the Russian Congress not only approved them but also represented the United Nations to build peace, human rights, and world security safety. As a result, the Russian people and the Generals of Russian leaders should protect the sublime values of the Russian people to drop this inhuman war like the United States of America had self-cut and run out of the Vietnam War and the Afghanistan War to hold up American Heroism without having shame.

His Opinion

His Opinion If the United States of America must express "Unmitigated punishment for offenders." the United States could not take worsened place event like Jan. 6, 2021. For example, the United States impresses modern civilization and is one of five powerful countries in the world. The American law and Constitution were distorted by the American leadership. In fact, the United States treaties, the Hague Convention, and the International Convention were unjust laws. In fact, the general election 2020 was not distorting the law when a few states were frauds which is why the people's will is not expressed under the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution. While the United States of America expressed the Bill of Rights, so the United States Congress did not enforce it because the right to vote is the sacred duty of democracy when no powerful leaders had self-deprived the people's will by whatever meant, the American leaders must protect their people's will when we, the American people, voted to choose a sublime leader who must express to improve oneself, correct oneself, and perfect oneself. Just because, the fate of national America, of the future of the American people, and the super values of the American people have belonged by our sublime leader of a head- therefore, the people's will had chosen whom, so the American law and Constitution should be approved by the legal system without having rigged if the riggers have taken place in the election, the United States Congress should be investigated carefully in order to avoid any factions or the private ambition. As a result, the American president was chosen by the American people who must serve the American people and national America without having foreign nations interfere in internal America. For example, the independence of one powerful country lets foreign Chinese communist policemen build up a checkpoint in Chinatown in New York City when the United States of America has been invaded and subversion may weaken foreign nations. That is why powerful America welcomed foreign China to interfere in the American Government. If one day in the future, the Chinese Communist Policemen should sponsor Chinese American immigration they secretly stand up to vote for an independent nation like Mr. Putin built war in Ukraine nation, so a national disaster could take place in a powerful country- why would the American president and the United States Congress handling for this bad evidence? Therefore, the people's will is more important than the rigger's ballots.

Law of Heaven and earth

Commentator Mr. Putin has been confronting the foreign Ukraine neighborhoods and his internal enemies. Therefore, Mr. Putin has secretly assassinated some of the Russian magnates because they have secretly fought against Mr. Putin's war amorality. For example, favorable to heaven is successful, or the follower heaven should exist if men fight against heaven and earth as men are failures. Therefore, Putin's inhuman war shall be a huge failure in his political life because the world fights against him, human beings loved peace more than his barbarous war, and his truthful Russian people respect human dignity more than Putin's war. On the other hand, America has barbarously been building so many wars in the world which is why America hasn't wished for a win while the American leaders are falling in love with wars because they are super belligerent, critical race theory, and depriving the right to life of innocent humans. In the end, American Armed Forces cut and run out of the Afghanistan war in the deep night like the Vietnam War is too. Therefore, America hasn't expressed loyalty, just cause, and justice because the American ambition to the enrichment of boundless forgot its equality, morality, and super values of the American people. While the national religion of America is catholic, the American leaders have self-fought against God, or they don't respect their law of nature in the so-called law of Heaven and earth.

Mr. Putin's Dictatorship

In his opinion that Mr. Putin is the same as some of the powerful countries in the world, they freely want to invade and subvert whatever small nations in the world when they have self-enacted laws without having respected the Hague Convention. For example, Mr. Putin is a super belligerent guy he has never respected peace and human rights. That is why; the Russian people and Leaders must be sacrificed their own life to serve private Putin's dictatorship. Just because, the life of Mr. Putin is glorious more than the Russian people. while the life of the Russian people is poorer than Mr. Putin, he has never respected any Russian dignity of the Russian people. So, the ambition of well-known, private enrichment boundless, and of the assassination of innocent humans Mr. Putin is unlimited, his loved peace and respected human rights are nothing.

Mr. Kissinger saying

Mr. Kissinger quoted, "America has no permanent friends or enemies, only interests." Therefore, the robberies of modern civilization are sophisticated by the conflict wars to cover up their robberies. In fact, the Vietnam War was robbed by the United States Congress and then, sold to mainland China. While the United States of America always mobilized and persuaded the Republic of Vietnam to fight against communism to win. Finally, the American Democratic party not only welcomed mainland China but also invited the Chinese communist police to build the checkpoint in New York City. Finally, after selling the Republic of Vietnam to mainland China, the United States Congress not only imprisoned one million Vietnamese Armed forces but also nationalized all properties of the native Vietnam and Armed forces without having compensated any pennies. As a result, in our modern civilization robberies are super values and wisdom more than in the Ston Age. Just because a great powerful America was not only represented by the United Nations but also invaded and subverted the weakest and the smallest Republic of Vietnam which is why General Westmoreland is an American Heroism when he says to apologize to the weakest Republic of Vietnam after he cut and run out of the Republic of Vietnam since his super America has been proud to fight against communisms together side by side with South Vietnam allies. Suddenly, he has turned 380 degrees to betray his close allies. How is he expressing loyalty, just cause, and justice with his South Vietnam allies?

Dear Editor and the American community standard civilization sir,

Dear Editor and the American community standard civilization sir,We would like to compare Putin's war and the Vietnam War, which is why we condemn Putin's war, but we have sunk the Vietnam War while the Republic of Vietnam and modern civilization America were side by side together fighting against communism, this is why modern civilization America not only betrayed its Vietnam allies but also sold the right to independence of the Republic of Vietnam to mainland China. So, let us compare the United States Congress with the Solonian pirates, we would like to reevaluate both nations as the United States Congress is better than the Government of the Solonian pirates because the United States Congress has Supreme Court when we call the powerful nation, the Government of the Solonian has not had any supreme Court as we call the Solonian pirates. However, the Solonian pirates offered their gifts to the poor men. In contrast, the United States Congress robbed the properties of the poorest South Vietnam, and then, the United States Congress sold mainland China. Finally, we are the commentator for both nations' policies one is the United States Congress which has taken the properties of its South Vietnam allies, selling them to other powerful countries like mainland China. Yet, the Government of Solonian, we called it to be Solonian pirates. Therefore, we would realize that the United States Congress always expresses loyalty, just cause, and justice by law enforcement and by human rights when the Government of Solonian is the international outlaw. Therefore, a Vietnamese American veteran has been petitioning his settlement case to the United States Congress because the United States Congress is a modern civilization country. Please review his petition below. Respectfully Yours   Bright Quang

It Thanked the USA in the Vietnam War

Dear everyone, That is why some of the Vietnamese American refugees say to thank the United States of America in the Vietnam War because their Vietnamese traditions had been followed by mainland China, the French invader, and the United States of America. In fact, their grandfather was following with Chinese invaders for one thousand years when the Chinese invaders were seizing Vietnam. The Vietnamese grandfathers welcomed the Northern enemy from the Chinese kingdom when they offered some of the Vietnamese land parts to the Chinese kingdom. However, after one thousand years have gone by, the Vietnamese patriots stood up to defeat the Northern enemy. Until today, the Vietnamese people are peaceful, but some of the treasonous Vietnamese leaders have self-offered some of the Vietnamese borders to mainland China including the Islands of Vietnam - In fact, in1958, Prime Minister Pham Van Dong sent his letter to the Chinese Communist regime when he confirmed the Islands of the Republic of Vietnam to belong the Chinese Government. Another, North Vietnam border- the column was exchanged for an in-deep Vietnam border by the Vietnamese communist leaders in 1979, and some of the columns between China and Vietnam were in the Ban Dioc Waterfall, Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung self- dug them up to exchange Vietnam land letting him offer the Ban Dioc waterfall to China. Next, the French invader had been invading Vietnam for one hundred years if the Vietnamese grandfather did not welcome the French Invader, the French invader was defeated by the Vietnamese patriots- However, the Vietnamese father had taken advantage of the religious Catholics from the French invader. It had been communitizing Catholic to Vietnam. In contrast, the French Government has fought against the religion Islam which communitizes in France. Finally, the Vietnamese son refugees would like to thank the United States of America because the USA has self-sold its fatherland to mainland China, self-imprisoned one million Vietnam Armed Forces to many concentration camps, and self-allowed North Vietnam to free assassinate three hundred thousand's Southern officers without openly judged. Even worse, the Vietnamese children's refugees are stupid more than their grandfather and father because the grandfather and the father were unlearned guys when they hadn't understood the native laws and international laws- for example, the American Government enacted H.R. 7885 Pub. L 88-205 approved Dec. 16, 1963, to seize the Republic of Vietnam while the US signed three multilateral and thirty-veven bilateral treaties with the Government of the Republic of Vietnam which is why the American Government has self-torn shreds its laws and treaties with a small Vietnam. therefore, the Vietnamese sons were easily trapped by the foreign invaders. On the other hand, the life of the Vietnamese children's refugees is easily seduced by American dollars. In fact, in 1963, the American embassy in Vietnam gave two thousand dollars and some of the husky wine to Southern generals, letting them assassinate their leader, Ngo Dinh Diem. Significantly, they are happily welcomed to the American Embassy- after that, they not only killed their President but also subverted their regime. While the Vietnam War, the Vietnam Armed Forces had strongly defeated North Vietnam, and the Northern troops retreated to escape to the highlands. To compare, the American interests are high more than the Vietnamese humans when the USA has secretly self-torn shreds the United States treaties and laws with the Republic of Vietnam. Let America sell the Republic of Vietnam to mainland China when the United States cut and run out of Vietnam. So, the Vietnamese Children quickly followed behind the American leg when they self-cared their money bag, they had not considered any their yellow flag, people, or soldiers. Especially, they came to their second motherland, they enrich to boundless their motherland when they have never cared their soldiers who are imprisoning in many concentration camps, nationalizing the properties, and the wives of the Southern officers are homeless. But they would like to thank the United States of America that has deliciously self-destroyed their national father, self- sowed so much burden of suffering to the innocent Vietnamese people and its Southern officers' allies of America when they are brainwashed by the American enrichment and dollars, they always fight against the Vietnamese communist regime without having exactly realized where justice is and injustice or where is wrong and right in just cause?